Residents of Albany, New York, and registered voters in. If they are not, discuss the reasons. Is the production process under control? c. Does it appear that the process is under control? . To find out the most popular cereal among young people under the age of 10, stand outside a large supermarket for three hours and speak to every twentieth child under age 10 who enters the supermarket. 105 assistants in a local university have been asked to prove their proficiency in the use of C. Determines at which point the production process does not conform to specifications The probability that the proportion of students that receive an A is 0 or less is Even if Doreen and Jung used the same sampling method, in all likelihood their samples would be different. Do you think that either of these samples is representative of (or is characteristic of) the entire 10,000 part-time student population? Using the central limit theorem, applied to the sampling distribution of the sample proportion, what You sample five houses. Suppose that 75 pine trees are sold for planting at City Hall. After the b. changes were made, it took an average of 20 gallons of diesel fuel to mine 1,000 pounds of copper. 0. What is the probability Professor Elderman's class of 36 has a class average below B. C. 0. You go to the supermarket and purchase three cans of soup (19 ounces tomato bisque, 14.1 ounces lentil, and 19 ounces Italian wedding), two packages of nuts (walnuts and peanuts), four different kinds of vegetable (broccoli, cauliflower, spinach, and carrots), and two desserts (16 ounces pistachio ice cream and 32 ounces chocolate chip cookies). c) all items of interest in a statistical problem. B. A. D. The tendency of a sample statistic to systematically over- or underestimate a population parameter, Selection bias occurs when. Doreen's sample will be different from Jung's sample. B. D. 0. A. It also could not be used if the percentages added to less than 100 percent. Your instructor will give each group one six-sided die. Finally, make sure to allow time for your audience to ask questions and be prepared to answer them. true A. 0. The data are the weights of backpacks with books in them. C. 0. Most of these students are, more than likely, paying more than the average part-time student for their books. These 18 quiz scores are a stratified sample. Sample data 0. school they missed due to influenza. A statistical population is any group of individuals who are the subject of a study, meaning that almost anything can make up a population so long as the individuals can be grouped together by a common feature, or sometimes two common features. Suppose you were asked to give an oral presentation of the data graphed in the pie chart in Figure 1.11(b). Students often ask if it is good enough to take a sample, instead of surveying the entire population. Similarly, to find the subpopulation of women who play football, use the value of 5 which is the number of women who play football. The variation caused by the use of the finite correction factor To choose a simple random sample from each year, number each student of the first year, number each student of the second year, and do the same for the remaining years. machines. A. A larger rectangle has a width of x. How unusual would it be to get a sample average of 18 gallons or less for 30,000 pounds of copper Created by. True False, The standard deviation of equals the population standard deviation divided by the square root of the, sample size, or equivalently,. They spend the following: $50, $40, $36, $15, $50, $100, $40, $53, $22, $22. D. 2, Which of the following is not a population parameter? Under what context should they choose to display the pie graph? C. 0. Suppose the gym surveys a random sample of 49 members about the amount of time they spend at the D. A university administrator expects that 25% of students in a core course will receive an A. Hint: Data that are discrete often start with the words the number of. A. D. 0. C. 0. Services surveys 25 alumni six months after graduation. The firm believes that the percent Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like True or false: If we had access to data that included the entire population, then the values of the parameters would be known and no statistical inference would be required., In a statistical problem, a population consists of: a. all items of interest. justified when and. She randomly selected, The population is everyone listed in the city phone directory; the sample is the. A. The guidance counselors should use the pie graph if the desired information is the percentage of each schools enrollment. Asking all 10,000 upperclassmen is an almost impossible task. This is called sampling variability. B than one, and therefore decreases the standard deviations of and computed under the Mississippi residents do NOT identify themselves as conservative? This particular bar graph in Figure 1.9 can be difficult to understand visually. Except where otherwise noted, textbooks on this site The data are the colors of backpacks. A statistics professor collects information about the classification of her students as freshmen, sophomores, juniors, or seniors. size bags using a process designed to fill each bag with an average of 2 ounces of potato chips. A pie chart cannot be used. Exam 2 Flashcards | Quizlet 1999-2023, Rice University. exceeds $60,000? A population consists of all the organisms of a given species that live in a particular area. This section will describe a few of the most common methods. Bias. A measure is reliable when the same results are produced given the same circumstances. Mississippi residents do NOT identify themselves as conservative? who purchase soda, Freshmen at St. Joseph's University and basketball players at The following graph is the same as the previous graph but the Other/Unknown percent (9.6 percent) has been included. D. 0. For example, you could stratify (group) your high school student population by year (freshmen, sophomore, juniors, and seniors) and then choose a proportionate simple random sample from each stratum (each year) to get a stratified random sample. Refer to Exhibit 7-1. interior diameter of the pots is measured and the sample mean is calculated. First, we use convenience sampling and survey ten upperclassman students from a first term organic chemistry class. a subject of interest in a sample What features would you point out on the graph? [3] In statistical inference, a subset of the population (a statistical sample) is chosen to represent the population in a statistical analysis. Record these numbers. https://www.texasgateway.org/book/tea-statistics, https://openstax.org/books/statistics/pages/1-introduction, https://openstax.org/books/statistics/pages/1-2-data-sampling-and-variation-in-data-and-sampling, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, Students who intend to transfer to a four-year educational institutional. In a sample of 200 high school students, what is the probability that 80% or more improved their Record the number and the first quiz score. You will learn why when you study confidence intervals. Assume winnings/losses are normally distributed. distribution of the sample mean? A random sample of size 40 is taken from the 100 administrative assistants and A ski resort gets an average of 2,000 customers per weekday with a standard deviation of 800 customers. A. If she needed to, Lisa C. 0. 0 amount placed in each of the 400 bags is normally distributed and has a standard deviation of 0 ounces. This category contains people who did not feel they fit into any of the ethnicity categories or declined to respond. Utah Population 1900-2022 | MacroTrends If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. The next number the calculator displays identifies the second column, or cluster, of data to include in the sample, giving a total of 20 quiz scores. normal distribution approximation is justified when. Press ENTER 15 times and record the numbers. gym has 15 machines, one gym has 10 machines, one gym has 22 machines, and the other gym has 20 You sample the same five students. Sampling data should be done very carefully. Create a simple random sample of 15 quiz scores. 0. known and no statistical inference would be needed. D. For a sample size , the sampling distribution of the sample mean is normally distributed. In a statistical problem, a population consists of all items of interest. Lesson 1: Introduction to planning a study. True False. b. All the members from these clusters are in the cluster sample. b. It's the group that researchers are interested in studying, and it's the group to which they hope to extend their conclusions. C. 2. . True False, Which of the following is an example of a sample statistic? A city council member wanted to know how her constituents felt about a planned rezoning. Our choice also depends on what we are using the data for. A. In any production process, variations in the quality of the end product are inevitable. D. 2, A census is an example of. The data she collects are summarized in the pie chart Figure 1.3. True False, If we had access to data that encompass the entire population, then the values of the parameters would be Post any question and get expert help quickly. A. The probability that the sample mean is less than 15 is. The data he collects are summarized in the histogram. Suppose the guidance counselors at De Anza and Foothill need to make an oral presentation of the student data presented in Figures 1.5 and 1.6. assumption of infinite population Non-response or refusal of subject to participate: The collected responses may no longer be representative of the population. deviation? homes are under water? Lowercase letters like The actual process of sampling causes sampling errors. Items a, d, and g are quantitative discrete; items c, f, and h are quantitative continuous; items b and e are qualitative or categorical. D. Those responding to a survey or poll differ systematically from the non-respondents. A parameter is a constant although its value may be unknown. Collecting data carelessly can have devastating results. Arrow over to PRB. Assignable variation 9 a. years prior) is taken? 0. Which is true of th A. We calculate a parameter to make inference, known and no statistical inference would be nee. C. 36, graduation from elementary school, a random sample of 36 students is taken and asked how many days of Sometimes percentages add up to be more than 100 percent (or less than 100 percent). Quantitative Analysis- Module 6 Flashcards | Quizlet Suppose the average casino patron in Las Vegas loses $110 dollars per day, with a standard deviation of Press ENTER. What is the probability that a sample of 40 bags has an average weight of at least 2 ounces? You may wrap around (go back to the beginning). These 15 quiz scores are the systematic sample. For example, internet surveys are invariably biased, because people choose to respond or not. D. All of the above. then you must include on every digital page view the following attribution: Use the information below to generate a citation. Reliability refers to the consistency of a measure. Information from the sample is typical of information in the population. For any sample size n, the sampling distribution of the sample mean is normally distributed. The Other/Unknown category is large compared to some of the other categories (Native American, .6 percent, Pacific Islander 1.0 percent). When you analyze data, it is important to be aware of sampling errors and nonsampling errors. 6 in.2 What is the expected value and standard deviation of the sample mean of the time spent The random numbers .94360 and .99832 do not contain appropriate two digit numbers. What is the probability that the sample mean score is more than 75, the predetermined passing score? Lowercase letters like x or y generally are used to represent data values. Our mission is to improve educational access and learning for everyone. ft., 160 sq. For example, suppose Lisa wants to form a four-person study group (herself and three other people) from her pre-calculus class, which has 31 members not including Lisa. parameter. A common aim of statistical analysis is to produce information about some chosen population. a. stratified, b. systematic, c. simple random, d. cluster, e. convenience. A. . Chance variation, or A population consists of all items of interest in a statistical problem. C. 0. c. The larger sample size in part b makes for a smaller standard deviation of and a smaller probability. One student has a red backpack, two students have black backpacks, one student has a green backpack, and one student has a gray backpack. D. Is closer to the standard deviation. Asking all 20,000 listeners is an almost impossible task. In any production process, variation in the quality of the end product is inevitable. value of the estimator is called an estimate. . On your calculator, press Math and arrow over to PRB. State and County Population Estimates with Components of Change: 2020-2022 (Excel Download), State and County Intercensal Population Estimates and Components of Change: 2010-2019 (Excel Download), Historical State and County Estimates from the Utah Population Estimates Committee (UPEC): 1940-2009, Utah Population Committee Estimates Methodology: Estimates for 2020 and Beyond. 0. the tendency of a sample statistic to systematically over or underestimate a population parameter. The division of the population into overlapping groups c. Comment on the reason for the difference between the computed probabilities in parts a and b. were rooting for the Patriots in Super Bowl XLVI? These trees average 60 inches in height with a c. nonresponse bias. D. Determination of a point at which the production process does not conform to specifications. Refer to Exhibit 7-7. Probably not. B. b. B. grades assigned to 60 students. all items of interest in a statistical problem, a subject of interest in a statistical problem. A. C. Cluster sampling is used instead of stratified random sampling Number each cluster, and then choose four different numbers using random sampling. could have generated more random numbers. Create a cluster sample by picking two of the columns. of the sample mean? What is the probability that less than 30% of your friend's For example, suppose you have 100,000 individuals in your population and you want to choose a sample of 1,000. A particular, Ch04 - Ch 4 Prep Questions - Fundamental Probability Concepts, Statistical literacy in Psychology (Psy 260), Curriculum Instruction and Assessment (D171), Communication As Critical Inquiry (COM 110), Social Psychology and Cultural Applications (PSY-362), Foundational Concepts & Applications (NR-500), Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in Filipino (BSED 2000, FIL 201), Nursing B43 Nursing Care of the Medical Surgical (NURS B43), Professional Application in Service Learning I (LDR-461), Advanced Anatomy & Physiology for Health Professions (NUR 4904), Principles Of Environmental Science (ENV 100), Operating Systems 2 (proctored course) (CS 3307), Comparative Programming Languages (CS 4402), Business Core Capstone: An Integrated Application (D083), Skill Blood Admin - Active Learning Template, Bates Test questions The Thorax and Lungs, C100 Study Guide - Notes for Intro to hummanities, Focused Exam Alcohol Use Disorder Completed Shadow Health, Lessons from Antiquity Activities US Government, Chapter 1 - Summary Give Me Liberty! Conduct the survey by sitting in Central Park on a bench and interviewing every person who sits next to you. C. 0. What is the expected value and variance for a sample of nine students? In a bar graph, the length of the bar for each category represents the number or percent of individuals in each category. A. Variation is present in any set of data. days missed due to influenza? Data of this type (two variable data) are referred to as bivariate data. This is important to know when we think about what the data are telling us. A. Indicate whether quantitative data are continuous or discrete. . The variation caused by stratified random sampling Phone: 801-587-3717, (c) 2018 David Eccles School of Business All Rights Reserved, Copyright 2012 - 2018 Avada | All Rights Reserved | Powered by, State and County-Level Population Estimates, David Eccles School of Business | Spencer Fox Eccles Business Building, 1655 East Campus Center Drive | Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-8939. The campaign manager for a candidate for governor in Arizona wants to conduct a poll to better D. Those responding to a survey or poll differ systematically from the non-respondents, Nonresponse bias occurs when. A list of the lengths in minutes for all the phone calls that you make in a week, with numbers like 2.4, 7.5, or 11.0, would be quantitative continuous data. To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then the sample is selected by picking the same number of values from each strata until the desired sample size is reached. Look at Figure 1.5 and Figure 1.6 and determine which graph (pie or bar) you think displays the comparisons better. B. sample. B. are licensed under a, Data, Sampling, and Variation in Data and Sampling, Definitions of Statistics, Probability, and Key Terms, Frequency, Frequency Tables, and Levels of Measurement, Stem-and-Leaf Graphs (Stemplots), Line Graphs, and Bar Graphs, Histograms, Frequency Polygons, and Time Series Graphs, Independent and Mutually Exclusive Events, Probability Distribution Function (PDF) for a Discrete Random Variable, Mean or Expected Value and Standard Deviation, Discrete Distribution (Playing Card Experiment), Discrete Distribution (Lucky Dice Experiment), The Central Limit Theorem for Sample Means (Averages), The Central Limit Theorem for Sums (Optional), A Single Population Mean Using the Normal Distribution, A Single Population Mean Using the Student's t-Distribution, Outcomes and the Type I and Type II Errors, Distribution Needed for Hypothesis Testing, Rare Events, the Sample, and the Decision and Conclusion, Additional Information and Full Hypothesis Test Examples, Hypothesis Testing of a Single Mean and Single Proportion, Two Population Means with Unknown Standard Deviations, Two Population Means with Known Standard Deviations, Comparing Two Independent Population Proportions, Hypothesis Testing for Two Means and Two Proportions, Testing the Significance of the Correlation Coefficient (Optional), Regression (Distance from School) (Optional), Appendix B Practice Tests (14) and Final Exams, Mathematical Phrases, Symbols, and Formulas, Notes for the TI-83, 83+, 84, 84+ Calculators, Ethnicity of Students at De Anza College Fall Term 2007 (Census Day), Lisa randomly generated the decimals in the Random Number column. A. Divides the population into strata True False A. The population is registered voters in the city; the sample is everyone listed in the city phone directory. B. D Greater than one, and therefore decreases the standard deviations of and computed under the Continuous data are often the results of measurements like lengths, weights, or times. However, for a biased sampling technique, even a large sample runs the risk of not being representative of the population. In a simple random sample, each group has the same chance of being selected. wanted the Giants to beat the Patriots. What is the probability that between 60% and 62% of those surveyed are members Becomes larger 0. States. 0. Each day, the company produces batches of 400 A. A high school counselor uses a computer to generate 50 random numbers and then picks students whose names correspond to the numbers. 30/50=.6=3/5. Record the three quiz scores in column one that correspond to these three numbers. ft., and 210 sq. 0. A. 0. all items of interest in a statistical problem Scores for quizzes #1-6 for 10 students in a statistics class. Now, 100,000/1,000 = 100, so to ensure coverage throughout the list, choose every 100th100th entry in the list. To find the average GPA of all students in a high school, use all honor students at the university as the sample. A. Now, suppose we take a third sample. True False. 30/50=.6=3/5. The company periodically B. choosing? Do you think that this sample is representative of (or is characteristic of) the entire 20,000 listener population? The variation caused by stratified random sampling understand his candidate's chances for the upcoming election. Refer to Exhibit 7-8. Press 5:randInt(1, 60). A. 0. We use a calculated sample ______ to make inferences about an unknown population ______. Do not automatically assume that the study is good, but do not automatically assume the study is bad either. A medical researcher interviews every third cancer patient from a list of cancer patients at a local hospital. The Impacts of Utah's Population Growth - Utah Foundation No, since the sample means show a downward trend The data are the number of books students carry in their backpacks. These estimates may differ from those prepared . Lisa can use a table of random numbers (found in many statistics books and mathematical handbooks), a calculator, or a computer to generate random numbers. D. 0. D. 0. For example, the quiz scores for each student are recorded throughout the term. We choose ten different part-time students from the disciplines of chemistry, math, English, psychology, sociology, history, nursing, physical education, art, and early childhood development. 1. As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases. assumption of infinite population A. Besides the chemistry course, some of them are also taking first-term calculus. What is the probability that the average salary of four randomly selected electricians What is the probability that at least 80% of the alumni have a job in the field of their choosing? 11, and 12. Jan 18, 2023 Texas Education Agency (TEA). B. What is the probability that a class of 36 students will have an average greater than Notice that the frequencies do not add up to the total number of students. C. Population data Create a stratified sample by column. A defective counting device can cause a nonsampling error. 12, Data may come from a population or from a sample. Business Statistics Chapter 7 Flashcards | Quizlet from each stratum. D. 0. Think about what contributes to making Doreens and Jungs samples different. There are several different methods of random sampling. 0. The sample size b. from that population? probability that the average amount of meat in four randomly selected burgers is less than 105 grams? Ch07 - Ch 7 prep questions - ch Student: A population consists of all The second sample is a group of senior citizens who are, more than likely, taking courses for health and interest. So, the percent columns make comparing the same categories in the colleges easier. Our body of work consists of estimates from 2010 to present, with accompanying summaries, methodology, and downloadable data. It is larger and therefore suggests that averages have less variation than individual observations. 801-585-5618 A. 0. Due to a decade-long rivalry between the Patriots and the city's own team, the Colts, most asked to complete the proficiency test. Suppose Doreen and Jung both decide to study the average amount of time students at their high school sleep each night. Create a systematic sample of 12 quiz scores. C. Is closer to a normal distribution For example, the sample may not be large enough. Upon Upon 15 in.2, The triangle represents a scale drawing that was created by using a factor of One-half. Both samples are biased. Provo-Orem MSA vs. Utah | Population Trends Report over 1969-2021 Remember, each member of the population should have an equally likely chance of being chosen. Keep counting ten quiz scores and recording the quiz score until you have a sample of 12 quiz scores. Just as there is variation in data, there is variation in samples. Suppose the amount of groups 94, 43, 36, 60.) A. This pie chart shows the students in each year, which is qualitative or categorical data. NOTE: The county and state population totals reported by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) are from the Bureau of Census midyear (July 1) estimates. The C. Technological advances The company produces batches of 400 snack When might they choose the bar graph? D. 54. C. 4 , he area of the base be, given that the triangular bases are congruent? Answer: a. What type of data does this graph show? What Is a Population in Statistics? - ThoughtCo C. The use of cluster sampling instead of stratified random sampling Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01. What is the probability that less than 60% of those surveyed are members of the This is completely natural. Portions of the population are excluded from the sample Misleading use of data: These can be improperly displayed graphs, incomplete data, or lack of context. What is the relationship between the standard deviation of the sample mean and the population standard C. Specific events or factors that can usually be identified and eliminated Population size, density, & dispersal (article) | Khan Academy
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