The current (1982) archaeological investigations filled out some gaps in knowledge about the property's history. The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales. At this time the fountain on the front lawn was built. Region: Provence Cote . No mention is made of the fountain. MISS WENTWORTHS ROOM Miss Wentworth's room was named for the eldest unmarried Wentworth daughter. The Wentworths returned to England in 1862, the estate being occupied by various agents, relations and members of the immediate family. Visitors have enjoyed the spectacular display of the climber Wisteria sinensis on the house's verandah every spring since 1862. BUTLERS PANTRY The pantry was an office strategically located for the head of the household staff to oversee activities in the house and arrivals at the property. His appearance was given: about 5' 7" tall, straight, fresh-coloured, a little pock-marked, with brown hair and remarkable whiskers". North of the house and flanking the western side of the shrubbery to the creek are a large number of tall mature palms and emergent trees, including Lord Howe Island palms (Kentia fosteriana), bangalow/piccabeen palms (Archontophoenix cunninghamiana), cabbage tree palms (Livistona australis), Californian desert/fan palms (Washingtonia robusta), native frangipani (Hymenosporum flavum), soft tree ferns (Cyathea sp. It retains most of its domestic offices and kitchen, stables and outbuildings and is still surrounded by 26 acres (ten hectares) of gardens and grounds. Lining this border are major trees including a Port Jackson fig (Ficus rubiginosa), African yellow wood (Afrocarpus falcatus), evergreen magnolia/bull bay (M.grandiflora: S.USA)(2), Mediterranean cypress (Cupressus sempervirens), orchid tree (Bauhinia variegata cv. Plants from Africa became immensely popular in colonial NSW for their hardiness as well as their beauty. The Wentworths returned with advanced European tastes. These are likely to have been kitchen (vegetable) gardens. March 1853 the family sold most of the contents of the house by auction and moved to Europe. The inner room retains its arched brick bins for bottled wine while hooks for hanging salted and cured meats survive on the original lath and plaster ceilings. 324, 325 and L24 from Circular Quay, Sydney. August 6, 2021. The number of sites in the Trust's care subsequently grew to more than 12 . First, we went where the audience already was, rather than trying to find a product-market fit post-production. It has been furnished to reflect its use as a small informal sitting room. It acted as a base for a man who helped form the Australian Patriotic Association, who had one of his constitutional drafts serve as the basis for a colonial government granted by London, was a member of the Legislative Council, who was an active player in the improvement of education and was involved in the establishment of The University of Sydney and was Chair for the Select Committee that drafted the 1854 constitutional document. 1806 and known as "Beechland" until his death. Wentworth used Vaucluse as a family home and as a setting to enhance his status as a public figure. Rebecca Martens' views of 1869 placed close to the photographs of the same view clearly show the character of the estate. In 1803 the Irish convict Sir Henry Browne Hayes purchased Laycock's grant and a grant adjacent to it. History Before European settlement, the area where Vaucluse is now located was inhabited by the Birrabirragal aboriginal clan, who belonged to the coastal Dharug language group. Vaucluse House and its furnishings were clearly intended to provide the correct social surroundings for Wentworth and his wife's immediate family of seven daughters and three sons. This website contains information about products and services supplied by third parties and links to other websites. It has crenellated parapets, turrets and iron verandah posts. "It was then a mere waste of land until Sir Henry Hayes built a dwelling house upon it and cultivated a garden". Photo: Brie Williams Styling: Jennifer Berno Decleene. The pictorial material available for this period, including the Woollahra Municipal Council plan by Higginbotham and Robinson (1889) which shows the fence pattern, outbuildings and entry road, gives a clear picture of the layout of the period. Built in 1803, Vaucluse House was once owned by William Charles Wentworth, father of the Australian Constitution, his wife Sarah and their immediate family of 10 children who lived in the house from 1827 to 1853 and again in 1861 to 1862. The only documentary evidence is an 1830 diagram and the cultivation lines noticeable in the 1931, 1951 and 1978 aerial photographs. The multi-layered display is a mix of bespoke joinery, interpretive panels and audiovisual components. On 27 August 1827 William Charles Wentworth who, together with Gregory Blaxland and Lt.William Lawson, was an explorer of the Blue Mountains, and a barrister, author and co-editor, and publisher of The Australian newspaper, purchased the 16-hectare (40-acre) estate from Captain John Piper. It was an Age, in Wentworth's class, of heavy male self-importance, of obedient and respectful wives and children, of deferential servants. Updated on June 19, 2023. The Tearooms were added later in the 1930s in art deco style. The Trustees maintained their position until 1980 when the property became the responsibility of the Historic Houses Trust of NSW. Even after William's death in 1872, Sarah and unmarried daughter Eliza continued an active lifelong interest in the property, even from abroad. The roofs are slate and galvanised iron. Hayes was then a young widower, about thirty-five years of age, with several children. Hayes erected a cottage and other buildings. Vaucluse House. Vaucluse House was the family home of William Charles and Sarah Wentworth and their family, mainly from 18271853, and as such reflects the aspirations of a prominent political figure in mid 19th century NSW. 1930s Depression era - much relief work activity in the park. Views back to the house, over the rest of the garden and (partially obscured) to the harbour. It is Australia's first "House Museum", an important example of rare and forward thinking, public "preservation" and recreational planning of the early 20th century. Further additions and alterations were made in the period up until 1966. The grounds have provided work for the local community since the early 19th century and reflected major social changes such as the 1930s depression. The character of the garden changed in detail more than layout'. Get the best property news and advice delivered straight to your inbox. Vaucluse House is one of the historic buildings that are part of Sydney's living museums. One distinguishing surviving characteristic of the 19th century estate is its careful division into specific areas, both functional and ornamental, such as pleasure garden, kitchen garden, rear service yard, paddocks, carriageway, creek, estate backdrop, beach paddock. "Vaucluse" Marker Inscription. The positions of these have been generally identified from 1880s photographs and by a local resident, Mr. C.V. Nathan. The room is furnished as a typical children's room of the mid-19th century with children's furniture and toys. The decorative paint scheme by the firm Lyon, Cottier & Co dates from the 1880s while the carved oak furniture was purchased by Fitzwilliam Wentworth in England in c1872. But our interest in them is enhanced by some knowledge of the men who lived here. The creek is lined with a number of bananas (Musa ensete/sp.) This year, it's secured the rank of sixth most expensive home + second most expensive non-waterfront house across the entire country after selling for over $62 million (exact sale price will be left to . From 1999 under the direction of curatorial adviser Dr James Broadbent and head gardener Dave Gray prepared a conservation policy for a small plot of land adjacent to the house's kitchen wing. 7 August 1827 William Wentworth purchased the estate. A large early Victorian garden and shrubbery, laid out to compliment a gothic revival house belonging to the family of the important colonial pioneer and politician W. C. Wentworth. It's crucial to know where your core audience . In the 1920s further changes took place including the formalisation of the carriage circle with the removal of the Bunya Bunya Pine and construction of a grassed loop. LITTLE TEA ROOM The little tea room's joinery suggests that it was one of Wentworth's first additions to the house after 1828. DAIRY AND LARDER The dairy (for milk, butter and cheese preparation) and larder (for food storage) reflect the operation of Vaucluse as a self-sufficient colonial estate. Vaucluse House is a heritage-listed residence, colonial farm and country estate and now tourist attraction, house museum and public park located at 69a Wentworth Road, Vaucluse in the Municipality of Woollahra local government area of New South Wales, Australia. Ground basin of fountain unsympathetically remodelled; brick edged gravel paths re-edged with concrete and resurfaced with asphalt. The square pillars and iron gates of the original Vaucluse Estate entrance were removed from Vaucluse Road near Nielsen Park and resited near the original driveway at the intersection of Wentworth Road and Olola Avenue. Rear (south) of the house are a few remnant red cedar trees (Toona ciliata). Several 20th century mature palms from front garden (public reserve) near the "approach road" (drive) and sandstone piers were removed, sold for replanting, c.1996 to recover a partial view from the house to Vaucluse Baythis included some casuarinas. There is also reference to gravel being rolled; from this it can be assumed that either the garden paths and /or the drive were gravelled. The garden is a rare extant example of a garden belonging to a 19th-century mansion adjacent to the harbour which has not been entirely subdivided and which substantial, Subsequent occupation by the Wentworth family. China's horticultural treasures were largely unfamiliar to Western gardeners until the Treaty of Nanjing of 1842 opened official trade channels. In 1812 Hayes was pardoned by Governor Macquarie and sailed to Ireland where he lived another 20 years. The Vaucluse house built in the 1920s for Henry Arnott, barrister and son of William Arnott of the biscuit family. At this time the vine seen in Martens' 1840 sketch was possibly removed to carry out this work. The name was given by Hayes to the home he built upon emancipation. A rockery was formed around the bakery and the garden embellished with beds of azaleas, cannas, cinerarias and begoniaschanging the 19th century estate into a 20th-century municipal park. The democrats and radicals accused him of attempting to create a "bunyip aristocracy" that gave voting rights to the wealthy land owners and squatter class in the colony. In 1813 he, with Blaxland and Lawson, led an expedition that crossed the Blue Mountains, with four servants and an Aboriginal guide. In December the house and 66 hectares (163 acres) within the fences was leased to John Hosking for three years. The following houses are listed on the Commonwealth Heritage List, the New South Wales State Heritage Register, various local government heritage registers, and/or the (now defunct) Register of the National Estate. An avid admirer of the 14th-century poet Petrarch, Hayes named the house after Petrarch's Fontaine de Vaucluse, the famous spring near the town l'Isle sur la Sorgue in what is today the Department of Vaucluse in the South of France. On his return in 1810 Governor Macquarie appointed him as acting provost-general, granting him 710 hectares (1,750 acres) along the Nepean River. He consolidated the estate through an additional 150-hectare (370-acre) grant brought the harbourside estate to 208 hectares (515 acres). The building is an example of English Gothic Romanticism in Australia and reflects the aspirations of the Wentworths in asserting their social status. By. Colonial Secretary, Alexander Macleay received the Yulan magnolia (M.denudata), a small tree from south-eastern China, at Elizabeth Bay, in 1836. For a glimpse of Sydney's high society, visit Vaucluse House, a beautiful villa and garden in the Eastern Suburbs near Watsons Bay. Apparently, the first person to erect a substantial dwelling on the site of Vaucluse House was a convict transported to these shores-Sir Henry Browne Hayes, from Cork, Ireland. Yoder arrived in New Orleans with cargo of produce. The pleasure garden inside the estate fencing is richly planted with species from the 19th century, including a shrubbery area, a border of trees and shrubs lining the eastern side of a long lawn between the house and the beach (originally, now Olola Avenue). Then some 11 hectares (28 acres) including house and garden, were resumed by the Government of New South Wales for use as a public reserve. The cottage layout suggests it was used originally as a house. As in most colonial houses, the service wing was a separate building to distance the risk of fire from the main house. An extensive rose garden was established in the central lawn. This page was last modified on 17 June 2023, at 13:05. This is not the only site to be discovered, many remains are spread throughout the city. Workshop Country Women's Association Masterclass Harbourside retreat When an Irish knight was caught kidnapping a local heiress, his punishment was swift: exile to a single-storey cottage in NSW. The family introduced new plantings to the gardens and orchards and innovations in fencing shaped and formalised the approaches to the property. A gothic revival mansion built in 1803, Vaucluse House once belonged to ex-convict Sir Henry Browne Hayes, who was shipped to Australia from England for abducting a banker's daughter. The 185456 lease agreement to John Hosking required him to keep "the park, gardens, orangeries, vineyard and buildings, fencing, hedges, ditches, gates, bridges, stiles, rails, poles, posts and drains in good and sufficient order". The information on this website and the links to other websites are provided as a general reference source only. Now, this Sir Henry Browne Hayes determined to augment his fortune. Examples include blue ginger (Dichorisandra thrysiflora), Brazilian plume flower (Justicia carnea), floss flower (Ageratum/ Eupatorium), flame creeper (Pyrostegia venusta), Mexican viper (Maurandya barclayana), sandpaper vine /purple wreath (Petraea volubilis), violet church (Iochroma cyanea), tree fuchsia, (F.arborescens), dahlias, snail vine (Phaesolus caracola), marvel-of-Peru (Mirabilis jalapa), heliotrope/cherry pie (Heliotropum peruvianum). Bite-Size Bits of Local, National, and Global History, Photographed By Mark Hilton, July 15, 2019, "Vaucluse". When they left for England in 1854, the estate was well established. Many such as Musselburgh leeks, Cos lettuce and Sugarloaf cabbage are still found in local greengrocers today. Realtor.com. Cool in summer, with French doors opening onto the eastern verandah, in winter the room's small size ensured it was easily heated. the estate backdrop was native forest occurring on the ridges and steeply sloping valley sides. Much work was done on the carriage loop including building stone walls, kerbing and arbours. Most large colonial houses had a second dining room for informal family use. The house is one of the few 19th-century houses near Sydney Harbour retaining a significant part of its original setting. Rio de Janeiro was the First Fleet's second port-of-call travelling from England to New South Wales. In the early years, the Historic Houses Trust was responsible for just two properties: Vaucluse House, home of explorer and statesman William Charles Wentworth and his family, and Elizabeth Bay House, built in 1835 for botanist and colonial secretary Alexander Macleay. The extensive gardens and grounds have been restored to their 19th . Rarities include root crops salsify and scorzonera (vegetable oyster), both like thin parsnips. The curtilage of Vaucluse House, as it exists today (1982), although still containing much of the original layout and essential qualities of an estate curtilage, has lost some important elements of the original. Concrete paths laid, stone walls contained the creek. The floral wallpaper border, plaster cornice, Italian marble fire surround and cast iron grate are all original. . Eight distinct zones occur in the original property: During this (20th) century a number of typically characteristic and dominant plants have been removed from the grounds, the most important of these being: The garden contains remnant indigenous plantings, 19th century bush, the original principal path and drive layouts as well as its relationship with the harbour. After a number of re-drafts a democratic constitution was accepted and responsible government formed, although the NSW Legislative Council remained unelected. Built in 1803, Vaucluse House was once owned by William Charles Wentworth, father of the Australian Constitution, his wife Sarah and their immediate family of 10 children who lived in the house from 1827 to 1853 and again in 1861 to 1862. 191020 The Trust replaced the original gates with four sets of gates. In 1910 the preservation of Vaucluse House was assured by Government resumption of the present estate of approximately 4.0 hectares (10 acres). From 1827 to 1862 it was the home of William Charles Wentworth - explorer, barrister, patriot and statesman - his wife Sarah and their ten children. The interiors include original Wentworth pieces together with furniture, furnishings and collections of the early to mid-nineteenth century. There is also a strong possibility that the Wentworth kitchen garden had been Hayes's. Here, Sir Henry himself was waiting with a priest (genuine or bogus) and the necessary witnesses, to force Miss Pike to go through a marriage ceremony. The public areas were designed for effect and the Drawing and Dining Rooms, long hall and sweeping staircase was as fashionable as the Wentworth's taste would allow. The original two-roomed cottage built of sandstock brick was constructed c.1804, and is possibly the oldest building in the Hawkesbury region. Until this decade substantial areas of cleared land survived in the east and west. By the mid 1920s almost all evidence of the Wentworth entry road had been lost and was replaced by Wentworth Road. However, a Heritage NSW spokeswoman said it was revoked on May 31 after the owners commenced legal proceedings in the Land and Environment Court.Within weeks, the house had been flattened. Listed on National Register of Historic Places, 1976. . The information on this website and the links to other websites do not constitute or imply any endorsement or approval by the State of New South Wales of the information or the material at those websites, or any associated organisation, product or service. He named the property Vaucluse, probably after the Italian poet Petrarch's estate Fontaine-de-Vaucluse near Avignon, France. Bounded on west by an impressive mature planting of magnolias, araucarias and palms well underplanted with ferns, cliveas etc.. Shrubbery - at the further (northern or harbour) end of the lawn. Correspondence found by Mrs Joy Hughes indicates this orangery may have been in what is now called the South Paddock. two Araucaria pines (in the front park and along Olola Avenue); two Magnolias to the west of the residence; The Central lawn - extending from the verandah to the shrubbery, embellished with a fine Victorian fountain, surrounded by a path. Vaucluse House is a heritage-listed residence, colonial farm and country estate and now tourist attraction, house museum and public park located at 69a Wentworth Road, Vaucluse in the Municipality of Woollahra local government area of New South Wales, Australia. Only thus will such a visitor find himself, even more herself, able to understand the strange - to us - combination of luxury and discomfort, of snug corners and draughty corridors, of imposing dining rooms and bare bleak kitchen, of marble stairs in narrow and twisting stairways, of floor-tiles said to have been obtained from the ruins of Pompeii - costly and impressive to talk about to a guest, but, oh, how cold in winter to the feet! Naming the property after the village of Vaucluse in the south of France, he built a small cottage and in 1803 set about transforming his "mere waste of land", building two huts and outbuildings, clearing 20 hectares (50 acres) for agricultural uses and planting several thousand fruit trees. The kiosk (now tearooms) was built, new pedestrian bridges built over the creek, and the ground level around the western side of the stables was radically altered for footpaths. The Vaucluse Site is significant because the grounds, including the Beach Paddock, Tearooms and South Paddock stairs have provided a significant community recreational facility developed by Trustees for local residents and visitors since 1910. Then some 28 acres (9ha) including house and garden, were resumed by the NSW Government for use as a public reserve. . Built circa 1784, Vaucluse was the seat of the prominent Upshur family. Completed between 1803 and 1839 in the Gothic Revival style, its design was attributed to William Charles Wentworth and built by Sir Henry Browne Hayes and W. C. Wentworth. Wentworth added adjacent lands, gained by grant and purchases up to a total of 515 acres (208ha), his estate stretching from the Macquarie Lighthouse on South Head to the eastern heights of Rose Bay. Vaucluse House was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999 having satisfied the following criteria. The large boulder then visible from the verandah of Vaucluse House was the picturesque site designated by Wentworth himself. The site was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999. To the west is a dense grove of trees (possibly native) and a large Norfolk Island pine (Araucaria heterophylla) 2530 years old and probably planted in the pre-1827 period. Sir Henry Browne Hayes's Vaucluse Cottage still exists (vestibule, little tea room, east end of the dining room, stone walls within the drawing room, the c.182830 little drawing room located on its former terrace), although completely engulfed by Wentworth's additions of c.182830 and c.183442. The character of the garden changed in detail more than layout'. Once owned by one of the town's founders, the five . It is believed that the brick-ended section of the present house was built ca. 1828 Major additions to the house, including turrets, a large kitchen wing and convict barracks. Wentworth's precious bushland to the west and east was subdivided. 1784 for Littleton Upshur. The existing main house is a Georgian Revival house . Vaucluse House is a rare survival of a 19th century harbourside estate. (May 2019) House Built . A Friends of Vaucluse House group formed well before the formation of the Historic Houses Trust of NSW. the Orangery for which a location has not been identified. But the lady objected most vehemently, probably hysterically; at one crucial moment she "screeched and flung the ring from her; and only when Sir Henry produced a pistol, threatening to shoot himself, was the lady frightened finally into submission. The Olola Avenue perimeter retains remnants of the indigenous vegetation. It is located in Sydney in the suburb of Vaucluse in Australia. By the mid 1920s almost all evidence of the Wentworth entry road had been lost and was replaced by Wentworth Road. Separated from the central lawn by a small shrubbery, edged with tecoma (containing the remains of the original iron estate fencing and containing a large Ficus and good planting of camellias, dietes etc. One distinguishing surviving characteristic of the 19th century estate is its careful division into specific areas, both functional and ornamental, such as pleasure garden, kitchen garden, rear service yard, paddocks, carriageway, creek, estate backdrop, beach paddock. : China), butterfly bush (Buddleja davidii cv.s: China) and sage-leaved butterfly bush (B.salvifolia: S. Africa), Fuchsia microphylla, lasiandra (Tibouchina sp. War soldier and Indian fighter left Fort Redstone (Pa.), 1782, on first flatboat to descend Mississippi River. Property staff undertook research to find out whether vegetable seeds from the era were available in Australia and if there were any references to preferred varieties at Vaucluse House estate. Vaucluse House is significant because of its association with the Wentworth family and their aspirations. Purchasing land in eastern Sydney, he built Vaucluse House. Vaucluse House itself remains much as it was when Wentworth left it, over a hundred years ago. (China), Angel's trumpets (Brugmansia cv.s: S. & C. America)), bamboos (Arundinaria spp., Asia), lily-flowered magnolia (M.liliflora "Nigra", China), Viburnum odoratissimum (China), Camellia japonica cv.s (several, all double: China), autumn camellias (C.sasanqua cv. Whether that original building was later incorporated in the house we have to-day, or whether it was entirely demolished and replaced, we do not know. The drawing room was intended as a setting for potential suitors to meet the Wentworth daughters, owing to Sarah Wentworth's social isolation. The fine Gothic Revival. From the late 1870s the house was occupied by family, friends or caretakers. 2. Some punishment. During the 20th century a number of typically characteristic and dominant plants have been removed from the grounds, the most important of these being: 1940s Walled enclosure around store and west of kitchen built. The Diggers Club in Victoria and Eden Seeds in NSW supplied as many as 33 varieties of vegetable seed listed in early catalogues. The house is a rare example of a 19th-century marine villa with some extant buildings. Surrounded by 10 hectares of picturesque gardens and grounds, Vaucluse House is one of Sydney's only surviving 19th-century harbourside estates, dating back to 1803. In December the house and 163 acres within the fences was leased to John Hosking for three years, a lease agreement requiring him to keep "the park, gardens, orangeries, vineyard and buildings, fencing, hedges, ditches, gates, bridges, In 1900 the contents of the house were auctioned, and the house remained unoccupied until 1911. Mansions in the United States and the world. HOUSEKEEPERS ROOM The housekeeper's room was the centre of domestic operations. There is some warrant for the story that Hayes surrounded his property with turf from Ireland to keep out the snakes. Bridges referred to would be of two typesvehicular for crossing the creek and pedestrian. Vaucluse House was built in 1803, and has been lovingly restored.
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