: alcohol. There is a subcategory of kosher called mevushal, which requires a product to be heated. See the Chicago Tribune quoting Dr. Jim Sokolowski - veterinary nutritionist that wine or beer in moderation won't hurt a pooch. The donkeys are great with our customers, make loud watchdogs and keep Suzi happy.. Certain individuals and populations should abstain from drinking alcohol. I'm a fan of the boxed natural wines by From The Tank if you can find them. Because of wines special role in many non-Jewish religions, the kashrut laws specify that wine cannot be considered kosher if it might have been used for idolatry. All Rights Reserved, Please note that this form cannot be used to reset your Google. Fortunately, that pastime is never very far away. Pfaff says, "Last, but not least, our llama is the protector of the herd, ready to fend off the many predators on the estate that might want to turn our . Explains Taylor Pfaff, Left Coast Cellars Estate CEO, The goats will eat almost anything and can be used in dense hotspots of invasive growth or in areas with complex terrain where we cant implement mechanized solutions.. Wineries expand biodiversity on their land with these animals. Some research suggests that drinking red wine may reduce blood pressure in people with high blood pressure, which may reduce the risk of heart disease (12). Grapes, of course, are always kosher in their natural state, but as with all kosher law, production is complicated and any finings or additives must be kosher, and in almost all cases, kosher for Passover. It is also used as a preservative, and to help with cleaning and for medical purposes. But since it is theoretically possible for them to drink, alcohol still requires certification for Pesach. Kosher wine ( Hebrew: , yayin kashr) is wine that is produced in accordance with halakha, and more specifically kashrut, such that Jews will be permitted to pronounce blessings over and drink it. All grape juice, grape wines or brandies must be prepared under strict Orthodox rabbinic supervision and may not be handled by non-Jews. At Analemma, we subscribe to traditional agriculture where each organism is a web of animals, plants and humans, all working together to sustain the farms needs, explains Fade. But, if the prohibition is against unleavened "bread" then act accordingly. David, Boston. How to skip a value in a \foreach in TikZ? This accounts for 1 in 10 deaths for adults between the ages of 20 and 64 (25). While none of the ingredients that make up wine (alcohol, sugars, acidity and phenols) is considered non-kosher, the kashrut laws involving wine are concerned more with who handles the wine and what they do with it. Full stop. (See elsewhere for general recommendations for Bourbon and Rye.) (Explained for Beginners), What Is White Wine Made Of? An unhealthy diet can outweigh the benefits of drinking a daily glass of wine (25). Travis is also a father of three young children, and he loves spending time with his family. Inside the box packaging, the vacuum-sealed bag of wine deflates as the wine is poured out, so no oxygenthe number one enemy of keeping wine freshcomes in contact with the wine as it's poured out of the box. Is it expensive?Yes. We love to watch the animals grow and deeply appreciate their gifts as they make the transition to our larder., Joe Ginet, rancher, winemaker and owner of Plaisance Ranch, shares his thoughts on raising livestock for food. We break it down and crown a winner. What Is Orange Wine, and Can It Benefit Your Health? History [ edit] Use Em To Make Herb-Infused Cocktails (2 Recipes), A Dairy With 3x More Probiotics Than Yogurt: This Superfood Strengthens Bones, Eases Stress, and Soothes the Gut, Out of Cornstarch? Sie knnen Ihre Einstellungen jederzeit ndern, indem Sie auf unseren Websites und Apps auf den Link Datenschutz- und Cookie-Einstellungen oder Datenschutz-Dashboard klicken. Wine plays an important role in Jewish communal life. Grapes themselves have no special kosher considerations, but wine, grape juice, and other grape products are some of the most highly kosher-sensitive. The cRc followed the barrels over their 8 years of aging to ensure they were not under Jewish ownership during Passover, and therefore could remain kosher. Kosher wine is defined as wine that has been certified by the Rabbinical Council of America (RCA) as kosher. Red wine has been widely acknowledged for its high concentration of resveratrol, a potent antioxidant found in grape skins (23, 24). A badly made Kosher wine is a bad wine, but it is not bad because it is Kosher. Goats and alpacas trim insistent blackberry bushes. During Passover on April 15 this year, celebrants drink four cups of wine to symbolize the four dimensions of freedom. From wine racks to underground caves, insider tips on size and space, number of bottles, ideal conditions and reputable resources. Is beer or wine healthier for you? The kashrut, the strict Jewish dietary code, classifies food into three categories: naturally kosher foods, such as fruit and vegetables; foods not kosher by nature, but can be made so by processing under strict supervision; and foods that arent kosher and can never be, such as pork and shellfish. By boxed wine, I actually mean bag-in-a-box wine. In addition, all of the equipment and utensils used in . That's steep, but fans of succulent, marbled Japanese Kobe beef from cows that are fed beer andgiven massages know that "a happy cow is a tasty cow," says Kiri Tannenbaum at Delish. 2023 Cond Nast. Kosher wine is made in precisely the same way as regular wine. Get my reviews of terrific under-priced wines. -Sep 13, 2023, 10660 SW Youngberg Hill Rd, McMinnville, OR 97128, The Fullerton Tasting Room in Portland, Obviously this worked, since dogs are nearly always happy. Every kitchen deserves a stack for sopping up spills and a stack for drying hands and dishes. So opening up a fresh bottle to splash into a pan sauce (and serve myself one glass to go with dinner) means that I have to either drink the rest of that bottle of wine or think of another way to use it within a few days before it becomes less than desirable. No artificial colors or preservatives are added to the wine. Other "notes" or fractions have other boiling points. She can write beautifully about wine. By clicking Sign Up, you agree to our Terms and Conditions and that you have read our Privacy Policy. in Latin? Although research suggests that drinking a glass of wine has several potential health benefits, they can also be obtained by eating a healthy diet. This regimen is part of a Mediterranean diet and has been associated with beneficial health outcomes and disease prevention (21, 28). Pouring wine down the drain is sad. Some Jews perform symbolic sanctification of newly acquired items. In fact, kosher wines sales are growing fast up 12% since 2013. On a basic level, a kosher wine must be made according to Jewish dietary laws and, according to the Orthodox Union, under strict Orthodox Rabbinic supervision. Any added ingredients such as yeast or fining agents, if used must also be approved by the Rabbinical Council of America (RCA).. They need to be protected from extreme heat, cold, and sunlight. What to know about the latest viral food trends, Ireland will pay you $90,000 to move to one of its remote coastal islands, Pope Francis investigates Texas bishop, replaces embattled Tennessee prelate. Red wine during pregnancy is something doctors have advised against for years. What Is Cuvee Wine? Kosher wine (Hebrew: , yayin kashr) is wine that is produced in accordance with halakha, and more specifically kashrut, such that Jews will be permitted to pronounce blessings over and drink it.Kosher wine. Who Makes Kosher Prosecco? Wine that's packaged this way stays fresh for about a month after openingmore than triple the amount of time as your standard bottle. Mevushal kosher wine can be served by anyone, while non-mevushal wine is strictly for. "We oversaw the sale [of those barrels] to a non-Jewish executive in the company," Niehaus says. Still, more research is needed to better understand which types of wine provide the most benefits. Still, because of the previous rulings by various halakhic authorities, some people are uncomfortable with a non-Jew pouring them a glass of kosher wine. Browse other questions tagged, Like any library, Mi Yodeya offers tons of great information, but, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. Driving through the Columbia River Gorge entails stunning cliffs, waterfalls and rock formations. In everyday slang, saying that something's "not kosher" means it's not cool or okay. As a result, the new beef brand will sell for $122 per kilo (or 2.2 pounds). Typically, must, the juice that is pressed from the grapes, is pasteurized or muhvushaled or boiled so that it is permissible for non-Jews to drink the wine. Access my reviews on mobile with the bar code scanner. But the thing is, unless I'm entertaining, I don't go through wine very quickly in my kitchen. They started out by feeding three cows two Angus and one Camargue the remainders of pressed grapes, washed down with water, then decided to give the animals locally produced wine. The best kosher wines on the market these days arent mevushal, but Scott says there are some pretty good mevushal options out there. RCA is an independent, non-profit organization that certifies kosher wines for sale in the United States. You'll pay dearly if you want to try Vinbovin. Emerging research continues to suggest that drinking wine in moderation about a glass per day offers several benefits. So, if the prohibition is against leaven, then wine should be included. Research has found the optimal daily amount to be 1 glass (150 ml) for women and 2 glasses (300 ml) for men. Mi Yodeya is a question and answer site for those who base their lives on Jewish law and tradition and anyone interested in learning more. Natalie MacLean is a new force in the wine writing worlda feisty North American answer to Hugh Johnson and Jancis Robinson. Orlah The law of Orlah pertains to the land of Israel and the Diaspora, and simply put means that after planting the vine (or any other fruit bearing tree), you are not allowed to make use of the fruit that grows for the first three years. As a result, the bracha on it is hagafen but water added to it doesnt require that bracha. When shopping for kosher wine, you should remember that it can usually be identified by a U with a circle on the label. It seems that Bokobsa Champagne has not been compromised by these procedures. This is believed to strengthen the wines spiritual essence, and to make it impervious to any corrupting influences. Our acreage supports honeybee hives, heirloom vegetable gardens and orchards alongside grass-fed and finished beef. Plus it's better for the environment. Biodynamically-farmed Analemma Wines uses cows for a number of reasons. Research suggests that drinking an occasional glass of red wine is good for you. $130 at GourmetGiftBaskets.com. If Not, You're In For a Delicious Surprise, Remember Moon Pies? Asking why kosher wine sucks is like asking why top 40 music sucks, or why the highest rated TV shows suck, or why Budweiser and Coors Light sucks. . It would be an insult to a person to rely on the psak of a dog (that it is not edible) when the person enjoys it. That is, unless the kosher wine is to be designated mevushal, perhaps the most misunderstood term in kosher wine tradition. Binge drinking and consuming high amounts of alcohol is associated with negative health outcomes (25, 26). From the New World, Hagafen Cellars in California and Rodrigues Markland Cottage Winery in Newfoundland. Weitere Informationen darber, wie wir Ihre personenbezogenen Daten nutzen, finden Sie in unserer Datenschutzerklrung und unserer Cookie-Richtlinie. Who should drink the wine was a subject of much debate. Everyone Should Know This! There are other rabbinic authorities who have differed from this opinion, but in America today the most commonly held opinion is that of Rabbi Feinstein. With a box of wine on hand, you'll never have to worry about whether or not to crack open that nice bottle you got as a host gift to make a quick sauce (or stew, or rag, or a braise) is going to make you a better cook. ), How To Store Opened Red Wine? Sacramental wine, Communion wine, altar wine, or wine for consecration is wine obtained from grapes and intended for use in celebration of the Eucharist (also referred to as the Lord's Supper or Holy Communion, among other names). Are Prophet's "uncertainty intervals" confidence intervals or prediction intervals? Studies show that individuals who consume moderate amounts of wine have reduced rates of heart disease (10). When something good happened, youd pour some wine out on the ground as a symbolic thank you (if you were an idol worshipper, that is). Wine is a requirement of the Sabbath, Passover, high holidays, at circumcision ceremonies, and weddings. For example, a healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fiber, legumes, fish, and nuts already provides high amounts of antioxidants and helps prevent heart disease (32). Intrinsically, wine needs to be made with only kosher ingredients. She was named the World's Best Drinks Writer at the World Food Media Awards in Australia. 2002-2023 My Jewish Learning. Cows, horses and donkeys: Plaisance Ranch. The most important aspect of making a kosher wine is that it must be produced entirely by Sabbath-observant Jews. 2023 Oregon Wine PressOregon Wine Press is a monthly consumer publication dedicated to Oregon wine, pinot noir, food, vineyards, winemakers, and insider-industry happenings. However, excessive drinking can have the . States, the majority of kosher wines are produced from grapes that have been treated with a chemical called ethyl acetate, or ethanol. Stack Exchange network consists of 182 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Problem involving number of ways of moving bead. That meant that each cow got the equivalent of two bottles of locally produced wine per day. Mevushal wine must be heated toat least 185 degreesFahrenheit typically using a flash-dtente machine. 35a-b) as to why Chazal forbade gevinas akum. (Finally Explained! On the Sabbath, meals start with the kiddush, a sanctification of the wine. Mevushal kosher wine can be served by anyone, while non-mevushal wine is strictly for Sabbath-observant Jewish people to open and pour. Add a romance novel and a cozy blanket, and I'm in heaven. The myth of boiling is one of two misconceptions leading to kosher wines' reputation of poor quality. White vinegar, the most commonly used form, is a clear liquid with a sour taste, which is used to add taste in cooking, pickling, and salad dressings. Did the cows get drunk?No. This article reviews the types, benefits, and downsides of fortified wine. How would you say "A butterfly is landing on a flower." Try This Coffee Drink Thats Traditionally Cooked in a Clay Pot, Dont Discard Mint or Basil! Rather, this is stating that the dogs in Egypt refrained from drinking things that are sharp on the tongue i.e. -Sep 8, 2023, Web Design and Web Development by Buildable. Many reasons are offered in the Gemara (ibid. Pork isnt kosher during Passover. Florida Agricultural And Mechanical University, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Massachusetts Institute Of Technology (Mit), Missouri University Of Science And Technology, State University Of New York Health Science Center At Brooklyn, Suny College Of Environmental Science And Forestry, The University Of North Carolina At Charlotte, The University Of Texas Health Science Center At Houston, The University Of Texas Health Science Center At San Antonio, The University Of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University Of Texas Medical Branch At Galveston, The University Of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Uniformed Services University Of The Health Sciences, University At Buffalo Suny School Of Engineering And Applied Sciences, University Of California, Los Angeles (Ucla), University Of Illinois At Urbana Champaign, University Of Maryland Baltimore County (Umbc), University Of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester, University Of Tennessee Health Science Center, University Of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. They wouldnt use wine for an offering if it had been boiled because boiling wine removes much of the flavor. We tested glass, plastic, and stainless-steel French presses to find the best one for everyday use. With this newfound knowledge, you can add yummy kosher varieties to your wine roster, for both Passover or beyond. With The Clearest Explanation, How To Fix A Hole In Clothes Without Sewing? Typically, must, the juice that is pressed from the grapes, is pasteurized or muhvushaled or boiled so that it is permissible for non-Jews to drink the wine. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? This article explores how orange, Because emerging research has shown that wine has benefits in moderation, many people also wonder if beer could be good for you. While a daily glass of wine can benefit your health, you can reap the same health benefits by consuming a healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and other whole foods. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and Your California Privacy Rights. Heavy alcohol consumption poses several health risks, including an increased risk of certain cancers, diabetes, heart disease, liver and pancreatic diseases, as well as unintentional injury (27). Its one of the most useful and versatile items in your kitchenand ourtop pick is super affordable. "Whether or not a wine is Kosher is irrelevant to quality.". (Read This First! Most of these byproducts are not produced at kosher wineries, which raises the question of whether we can use them for kosher food production. Almost all kosher wine is Kosher for Passover, and that includes kosher Champagne and sparkling wines. (Easy & Clear Answer), What Smell Do Rats And Mice Hate? Jun 28, 2023 The US governments most recent dietary guidelines make similar recommendations. This article. Those who consumed up to 1.4 ounces (40 grams) of alcohol per day experienced less inflammation than those who didnt drink (7). Keep in mind that even though moderate wine consumption can provide several health benefits, its important to consider your overall diet quality. "They use botanicals from a local market in Tel Aviv for their ginit's got a terrific mix of citrus and spice," she says. How to properly align two numbered equations? Between kosher and non-kosher wine, the main difference lies not in the appearance or taste, but rather in the winemaking requirements. For details, see: Purim Torah policy. Starting at 8 a.m. Studies suggest that a compound called resveratrol in wine has anti-inflammatory properties and may benefit health (5, 6). If you want to visit a petting zoo, wine farms may not offer the best environment. He is a passionate advocate for education, and he believes that every student should have access to a quality education. Equipment thats rabbinically-certified to solely make kosher wines is being used. Wine can be kept, Most, but not all white wines, are made from green grapes. Participants in this study self-reported their alcohol intake. Grapes themselves have no special kosher considerations, but wine, grape juice, and other grape products are some of the most highly kosher-sensitive. This is an important issue, since wine is used in several Jewish ceremonies, especially those of Kiddush . Kosher alcohol is alcohol that has been created without grain and has been certified as complying with Jewish dietary laws. Drinking wine in moderation may also have other benefits: Some research suggests that drinking wine in moderation provides antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits that may improve your gut bacteria and boost your heart health, mental health, and longevity. However, with modern technology and correct technique, some winemakers believe it actually enhances the wines aromatics and stabilizes its tannins, fruit and colour. Chronic inflammation is harmful and may increase the risk of conditions such as heart disease, autoimmune disorders, and certain cancers. Distillation is, essentially, the process by which liquid mixtures are separated by heat fractionation. Researchers believe that red wines high concentration of polyphenol antioxidants can help reduce your risk of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and metabolic diseases (11). We plan to actively utilize them in the vineyard as part of regenerative agriculture. At the same time, messages around drinking, abusing wine (and other intoxicants), and the pleasures of the flesh are clearly not only deemed immoral but expressly forbidden. Due to generations of abstention (and a lack of thumbs), they're just REALLY BAD at holding their liquor. It turns out even idol worshippers had standards for their wine. In fact, one 2-week study in 40 adults found that consuming 13.5 ounces (400 ml) of red wine daily increased antioxidant status (2). Why the strict rules about only Jews? Learn more at Arnicare.com. All rights reserved. Theyre raising them to become meals eventually. Packaged food and drink that are certified kosher usually bear a U symbol (for Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations) or a K (for Organized Kashrut Laboratories). Kosher wine is a grape wine that is produced according to Judaism's religious and dietary laws. Bei der Nutzung unserer Websites und Apps verwenden wir, unsere Websites und Apps fr Sie bereitzustellen, Nutzer zu authentifizieren, Sicherheitsmanahmen anzuwenden und Spam und Missbrauch zu verhindern, und, Ihre Nutzung unserer Websites und Apps zu messen, personalisierte Werbung und Inhalte auf der Grundlage von Interessenprofilen anzuzeigen, die Effektivitt von personalisierten Anzeigen und Inhalten zu messen, sowie, unsere Produkte und Dienstleistungen zu entwickeln und zu verbessern. Epicurious may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. A recurring event every other Friday from June to September at Bluebird Hill Cellars! Prohibition of Gevinas Akum Of all dairy products, kosher certification of cheese is the most difficult. Kosher meat must be butchered by a shohet and soaked before cooking. In fact, an average of 87, 798 people die in the United States each year due to excessive alcohol consumption. We are seeking to establish indigenous trees, grasses and flowers that are vital for native wildlife. Boxed wine has long surpassed any negative associations with college frat parties it may once have had. Equipment that's rabbinically-certified to solely make kosher wines is being used. The solution: Mevushal wine. Boxed wine has long surpassed any negative associations with college frat parties it may once have had. Most people grew up thinking of kosher wine as a functional beverage, a drink to fulfill a religious need. What are the benefits of not using Private Military Companies(PMCs) as China did? So no one has to feel bad about cracking open a box of red for a sweet-tart pan sauce for pork tenderloin, or a box of white to make risotto, because the wine will stay fresh for many more meals to come. Jun 29, 2023, Dueling Food & Wine Pairing with GC Wines, 1966 NW Pettygrove Street, Portland, OR 97209, The Ford Building, If the heating process is done incorrectly, it can create an unwanted cooked character. I especially like to make a good pan sauce, which is always better with wine in it, no matter what you're putting it on. Water boils at 100 Celsius (212 Fahrenheit); alcohol boils at 78.3 Celsius (173 Fahrenheit). from the pomace or the marc of the grapes, which includes the seeds, skins and the stems. In order for a wine to be kosher, it must be created under a rabbi's immediate supervision, with only Sabbath-observant Jewish males touching the grapes from the crushing phase through the bottling. Ad Choices, Here's Why You Should Stock Your Kitchen With Boxed Wine. Klicken Sie auf Alle ablehnen, wenn Sie nicht mchten, dass wir und unsere Partner Cookies und personenbezogene Daten fr diese zustzlichen Zwecke verwenden. Grounding us to place, these animals connect us to a greater meaning of what is living on our farm., Just this spring we added sheep, goats and a llama to our farm family, says Pfaff. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Cows, sheep, pigs, donkeys and goats: Soter Vineyards. Today you can buy many sweet Kiddush wines for under $5, and in the $12-15 range you can find some very good to excellent wine. So the rabbis ruled that in order to avoid the possibility of a Jew ever drinking wine that was idolatry-associated, only cooked wine could be served to a Jew by a non-Jew. In addition to the USDA certification, wine must be produced by a winery that has been approved by both the American Jewish Committee (AJC) and the Rabbinical Council of America (RCA) to produce kosher wines. You dont mind if I type and sip, do you? Even after these rules were set up, some people worried that if you had a nice glass of kosher Chardonnay at a Jewish wedding, its possible that the non-Jewish waiter or waitress might have spilled some of your Chardonnay in an idolatrous practice, while your back was turned. But in its original meaning, to "keep kosher" means you follow Jewish dietary laws. In addition to certifying the quality of the wines, the committee also reviews the kosher status of each batch of wine to ensure that it does not contain any prohibited ingredients, including those that are prohibited for consumption on Shabbat or during the Passover seder. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, rye, and barley that those with celiac disease or an intolerance to gluten must be careful to avoid. In Judaism, wine is required on certain occasions and encouraged on others. Keep reading to learn what kosher wine experts have to say about it plus, get some wine recommendations if youre attending a Passover Seder this year. Portland| Red Wine vs White Wine: Which Is Healthier? In summary, pasteurized or concentrated grape juice cannot ferment and therefore does not have the full status of wine. As for vodkas that are kosher for Passover? "It has a very special texture beautiful, marbled, and tender, and which caramelizes during cooking," Pourcel says. Sheep, goats and llama: Left Coast Cellars. Jun 30, 2023 Even after these rules were set up, some people worried that if you had a nice glass of kosher Chardonnay at a Jewish . For now, they help manage our oak savanna restoration project as well as play a lawn-mowing function in dormant vineyards during the winter., Farm animals also represent opportunities to inform and educate visitors. There's enough of a demand for such luxury meat, or viande de luxe, among foodies that Tastavy and Chaballier plan to expand their four-month, three-cow experiment, and produce more Vinbovin for market. Its Grocery Month at Epicurious, and were thinking about super-fast checkout lines, alternative mylks (not a typo), and the cheapest bottles of olive oil (and wine). Gourmet Gift Baskets Red Wine & Dark Chocolate Gift Basket - Smith & Hook. Ask permission from the staff before interacting with any animals. Natalie has published two books with Random House, both selected as one of Amazon's Best Books of the Year. Whats more, in a study including 2,900 women, those who consumed a glass of wine daily had significantly reduced inflammatory markers compared with women who abstained from alcohol (8). Is Drinking Red Wine During Pregnancy Safe. What would happen if Venus and Earth collided? Research suggests that, although alcohol can trigger gout attacks, there is no difference associated with the type of alcoholic beverage you consume. Why is grape juice kosher? You can even make it in the microwave if you want. What Is Mevushal? Cows do the same along with converting fields of brush into grass pastures and providing fresh milk. It provides antioxidants, may promote longevity, and can help protect against heart disease and harmful inflammation, among other benefits. Know the wines you want before you even get to the store with my wine reviews. Yes, Japan-born cows raised on beer are known for their succulent flavor and exorbitant prices. There are actually two categories of kosher wine for consuming at religious ceremonies. In 1940 a typical bottle of kosher Kiddush wine cost about one dollar. We'll tell you what you need to know. Mevushal and non-mevUSHAL wines are the two most common types of kosher wine. No artificial colors or preservatives are added to the wine. Continue reading about kosher. They deliver important nutrients to our soil and keep the grass down. I spoke with Scott Shumaker, the wine manager at kosherwine.com, and he told me that in order for wine to be called mevushal these days its heated up very quickly in a process called flash pasteurization. Friday night PNW wine flights with rotating Vinyl DJs. How well informed are the Russian public about the recent Wagner mutiny?
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